| Title | Philosophy and Religion in the Political Thought of Alfarabi |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2023 |
| Journal | Religions |
| Volume | 14 |
| Issue | 7 |
| Pages | 908-917 |
| Categories | Relation between Philosophy and Theology, al-Fārābī, Politics |
| Author(s) | Ishraq Ali |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Philosophy and religion were the two important sources of knowledge for medieval Arab Muslim polymaths. Owing to the difference between the nature of philosophy and religion, the interplay between philosophy and religion often takes the form of conflict in medieval Muslim thought as exemplified by the Al-Ghazali versus Averroes (Ibn Rusd) polemic. Unlike the Al-Ghazali versus Averroes (Ibn Rushd) polemic, the interplay between philosophy and religion in the political philosophy of Abu Nasr Alfarabi takes the form of harmonious co-existence. Although, for Alfarabi, religion is an inferior form of knowledge as compared to philosophy, the present article will show that philosophy and religion play equally significant roles in Alfarabi’s virtuous city and that in the absence of either philosophy or religion, the political system proposed by Alfarabi cannot exist. |
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| Title | Leo Strauss and Islamic Political Thought |
| Type | Monograph |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2022 |
| Publication Place | Cambridge |
| Publisher | Cambridge University Press. |
| Categories | Theology, Politics, Relation between Philosophy and Theology, Tradition and Reception |
| Author(s) | Rasoul Namazi |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| In this book, Rasoul Namazi offers the first in-depth study of Leo Strauss' writings on Islamic political thought, a topic that interested Strauss over the course of his career. Namazi's volume focuses on several important studies by Strauss on Islamic thought. He critically analyzes Strauss's notes on Averroes' commentary on Plato's Republic and also proposes an interpretation of Strauss' theologico-political notes on the Arabian Nights. Namazi also interprets Strauss' essay on Alfarabi's enigmatic treatise, The Philosophy of Plato and provides a detailed commentary on his complex essay devoted to Alfarabi's summary of Plato's Laws. Based on previously unpublished material from Strauss' papers, Namazi's volume provides new insights into Strauss' reflections on religion, philosophy, and politics, and their relationship to wisdom, persecution, divine law, and unbelief in the works of key Muslim thinkers. His work presents Strauss as one of the most innovative historians and scholars of Islamic thought of all time. |
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| Title | Averroes between Platonic Philosophy and the Sharīʻa |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2022 |
| Published in | Leo Strauss and Islamic Political Thought |
| Pages | 46-83 |
| Categories | Relation between Philosophy and Theology, Tradition and Reception, Plato, Politics, Modern Readings |
| Author(s) | Rasoul Namazi |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Chapter 1 is dedicated to the interpretation of a recently discovered, unpublished typescript by Strauss on Averroes’s commentary on Plato’s Republic. In this transcript, available as Appendix A and composed sometime after 1956, Strauss underscores the conflict between philosophy and Islam in Averroes’s commentary on Plato’s Republic. The transcript consists only of short notes and therefore, to reveal its message, it needs to be interpreted in the context of Strauss’s other writings. Strauss’s interpretation of Averroes is based on the idea that Averroes must have been aware of the incompatibility of Islamic revelation with the best regime of Plato. Unlike other scholars, who are mainly preoccupied with Averroes’s access or lack thereof to a reliable translation of Plato’s Republic, Strauss argues that the deficiencies of Averroes’s commentary do not mean that Averroes did not have access to Plato’s Republic; he claims that such apparent deficiencies might be intentional and significant for understanding Averroes’s views. |
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| Title | The Pilgrimage of Philosophy. A Festschrift for Charles E. Butterworth |
| Type | Edited Book |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2019 |
| Publication Place | South Bend, IN |
| Publisher | St. Augustine’s Press |
| Categories | Politics, Theology, al-Fārābī, al-Ġazālī, Relation between Philosophy and Theology |
| Author(s) | René M. Paddags , Waseem El-Rayes , Gregory A. McBrayer |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| This book intends to introduce readers to the work of Charles E. Butterworth, and thereby to introduce students to Medieval islamic political philosophy, of which Butterworth is one of the world's most prominent scholars. In a wider sense, the Festschrift introduces its readers to the current debates on Medieval islamic political philosophy, related as they are to the questions of the relationship between islam and Christianity, the Medieval to the Modern world, and reason and revelation. Butterworth's scholarship spans six decades, primarily translating, editing, and interpreting the works of the Muslim political philosopher Alfarabi (d. 950) and Averroes (Ibn Rushd, d. 1198). He began his studies of Muslim political philosophy at a time when the Middle East and islam did not have the political salience they have acquired in more recent years. instead, Butterworth&;s reason for engaging with islam was rooted in the question of the relationship between reason and revelation. While one possible answer was pursued in the Christian, latin West, the islamic borderlands of Greek, Roman, and Muslim civilization offered another. By exploring Averroes, who provides the possibility of an Aristotelian-Islamic political philosophy, and Alfarabi, who pursues a Platonic-islamic political philosophy, Butterworth showed how islamic civilization provided a viable alternative to the theologico-political question reason v revelation, as well as serving as an inspiration to the latin West. |
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| Title | Averroes (d. 1198), The Decisive Treatise |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2016 |
| Published in | The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Philosophy |
| Pages | 278–295 |
| Categories | Relation between Philosophy and Theology, Theology, Politics, Law |
| Author(s) | Catarina Belo |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| In his Decisive Treatise, Andalusian philosopher Averroes (1126–1198) analyzes the relation between philosophy and religion from an Islamic legal perspective. He emphasizes the obligation upon some Muslims to study philosophy and how philosophy can be considered one of the Islamic sciences. He mentions the significance of a nonliteral reading of the Qur’ān and defends the compatibility between Aristotelian philosophy and Islamic religion. |
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| Title | Decisive Treatise and Epistle Dedicatory |
| Type | Monograph |
| Language | undefined |
| Date | 2001 |
| Publication Place | Provo, Utah |
| Publisher | Brigham Young University Press |
| Series | Brigham Young University - Islamic Translation Series |
| Categories | Law, Politics, Relation between Philosophy and Theology |
| Author(s) | Averroes |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) | Charles E. Butterworth |
| Averroës (Ibn Rushd, 1126-1198) emerged from an eminent family in Muslim Spain to become the first and last great Aristotelian of the classical Islamic world; his meticulous commentaries influenced Christian thinkers and earned him favorable mention (and a relatively pleasant fate) in Dante’s Divina Commedia. The Book of the Decisive Treatise was and remains one his most important works and one of history’s best defenses of the legitimate role of reason in a community of faith. The text presents itself as a plea before a tribunal in which the divinely revealed Law of Islam is the sole authority; Averroës, critical of the anti-philosophical tone of the Islamic establishment, argues that the Law not only permits but also mandates the study of philosophy and syllogistic or logical reasoning, defending earlier Muslim philosophers and dismissing criticisms of them as more harmful to the Islamic community than the philosophers’ own views had been. As he details the three fundamental methods the Law uses to aid people of varied capacities and temperaments, Averroës reveals a carefully formed and remarkably argued conception of the boundaries and uses of faith and reason. |
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| Title | Two Andalusian philosophers |
| Type | Monograph |
| Language | English |
| Date | 1999 |
| Publication Place | London [u.a.] |
| Publisher | Kegan Paul |
| Series | The Kegan Paul Arabia library |
| Volume | 6 |
| Categories | Relation between Philosophy and Theology, Law, Politics |
| Author(s) | Averroes , Muḥammad Ibn-ʿAbd-al-Malik Ibn-Ṭufail , |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) | Jim Colville |
| The story of "Hayy Ibn Yaqzan" by Abu Bakr Muhammad Ibn Tufayl and "The definitive statement" by Abu'l Walid Muhammad Ibn Rushd / translated from the Arabic with an introduction and notes by Jim Colville |
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| Title | Ethics in Medieval Islamic Philosophy |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 1983 |
| Journal | Journal of Religious Ethics |
| Volume | 11 |
| Pages | 224–239 |
| Categories | Ethics, Relation between Philosophy and Theology, Politics |
| Author(s) | Charles E. Butterworth |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Access | https://www.jstor.org/stable/40017707 |
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| Title | Three commentaries of Averroes |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 1959 |
| Journal | The Review of Metaphysics |
| Volume | 12 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 440-448 |
| Categories | Commentary, Natural Philosophy, Plato, Politics, al-Ġazālī, Relation between Philosophy and Theology |
| Author(s) | Nicholas Rescher |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Access | https://www.jstor.org/stable/20123714 |
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| Title | Averroes (d. 1198), The Decisive Treatise |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2016 |
| Published in | The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Philosophy |
| Pages | 278–295 |
| Categories | Relation between Philosophy and Theology, Theology, Politics, Law |
| Author(s) | Catarina Belo |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| In his Decisive Treatise, Andalusian philosopher Averroes (1126–1198) analyzes the relation between philosophy and religion from an Islamic legal perspective. He emphasizes the obligation upon some Muslims to study philosophy and how philosophy can be considered one of the Islamic sciences. He mentions the significance of a nonliteral reading of the Qur’ān and defends the compatibility between Aristotelian philosophy and Islamic religion. |
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| Title | Averroes between Platonic Philosophy and the Sharīʻa |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2022 |
| Published in | Leo Strauss and Islamic Political Thought |
| Pages | 46-83 |
| Categories | Relation between Philosophy and Theology, Tradition and Reception, Plato, Politics, Modern Readings |
| Author(s) | Rasoul Namazi |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Chapter 1 is dedicated to the interpretation of a recently discovered, unpublished typescript by Strauss on Averroes’s commentary on Plato’s Republic. In this transcript, available as Appendix A and composed sometime after 1956, Strauss underscores the conflict between philosophy and Islam in Averroes’s commentary on Plato’s Republic. The transcript consists only of short notes and therefore, to reveal its message, it needs to be interpreted in the context of Strauss’s other writings. Strauss’s interpretation of Averroes is based on the idea that Averroes must have been aware of the incompatibility of Islamic revelation with the best regime of Plato. Unlike other scholars, who are mainly preoccupied with Averroes’s access or lack thereof to a reliable translation of Plato’s Republic, Strauss argues that the deficiencies of Averroes’s commentary do not mean that Averroes did not have access to Plato’s Republic; he claims that such apparent deficiencies might be intentional and significant for understanding Averroes’s views. |
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| Title | Decisive Treatise and Epistle Dedicatory |
| Type | Monograph |
| Language | undefined |
| Date | 2001 |
| Publication Place | Provo, Utah |
| Publisher | Brigham Young University Press |
| Series | Brigham Young University - Islamic Translation Series |
| Categories | Law, Politics, Relation between Philosophy and Theology |
| Author(s) | Averroes |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) | Charles E. Butterworth |
| Averroës (Ibn Rushd, 1126-1198) emerged from an eminent family in Muslim Spain to become the first and last great Aristotelian of the classical Islamic world; his meticulous commentaries influenced Christian thinkers and earned him favorable mention (and a relatively pleasant fate) in Dante’s Divina Commedia. The Book of the Decisive Treatise was and remains one his most important works and one of history’s best defenses of the legitimate role of reason in a community of faith. The text presents itself as a plea before a tribunal in which the divinely revealed Law of Islam is the sole authority; Averroës, critical of the anti-philosophical tone of the Islamic establishment, argues that the Law not only permits but also mandates the study of philosophy and syllogistic or logical reasoning, defending earlier Muslim philosophers and dismissing criticisms of them as more harmful to the Islamic community than the philosophers’ own views had been. As he details the three fundamental methods the Law uses to aid people of varied capacities and temperaments, Averroës reveals a carefully formed and remarkably argued conception of the boundaries and uses of faith and reason. |
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| Title | Ethics in Medieval Islamic Philosophy |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 1983 |
| Journal | Journal of Religious Ethics |
| Volume | 11 |
| Pages | 224–239 |
| Categories | Ethics, Relation between Philosophy and Theology, Politics |
| Author(s) | Charles E. Butterworth |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Access | https://www.jstor.org/stable/40017707 |
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| Title | Leo Strauss and Islamic Political Thought |
| Type | Monograph |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2022 |
| Publication Place | Cambridge |
| Publisher | Cambridge University Press. |
| Categories | Theology, Politics, Relation between Philosophy and Theology, Tradition and Reception |
| Author(s) | Rasoul Namazi |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| In this book, Rasoul Namazi offers the first in-depth study of Leo Strauss' writings on Islamic political thought, a topic that interested Strauss over the course of his career. Namazi's volume focuses on several important studies by Strauss on Islamic thought. He critically analyzes Strauss's notes on Averroes' commentary on Plato's Republic and also proposes an interpretation of Strauss' theologico-political notes on the Arabian Nights. Namazi also interprets Strauss' essay on Alfarabi's enigmatic treatise, The Philosophy of Plato and provides a detailed commentary on his complex essay devoted to Alfarabi's summary of Plato's Laws. Based on previously unpublished material from Strauss' papers, Namazi's volume provides new insights into Strauss' reflections on religion, philosophy, and politics, and their relationship to wisdom, persecution, divine law, and unbelief in the works of key Muslim thinkers. His work presents Strauss as one of the most innovative historians and scholars of Islamic thought of all time. |
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| Title | Philosophy and Religion in the Political Thought of Alfarabi |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2023 |
| Journal | Religions |
| Volume | 14 |
| Issue | 7 |
| Pages | 908-917 |
| Categories | Relation between Philosophy and Theology, al-Fārābī, Politics |
| Author(s) | Ishraq Ali |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Philosophy and religion were the two important sources of knowledge for medieval Arab Muslim polymaths. Owing to the difference between the nature of philosophy and religion, the interplay between philosophy and religion often takes the form of conflict in medieval Muslim thought as exemplified by the Al-Ghazali versus Averroes (Ibn Rusd) polemic. Unlike the Al-Ghazali versus Averroes (Ibn Rushd) polemic, the interplay between philosophy and religion in the political philosophy of Abu Nasr Alfarabi takes the form of harmonious co-existence. Although, for Alfarabi, religion is an inferior form of knowledge as compared to philosophy, the present article will show that philosophy and religion play equally significant roles in Alfarabi’s virtuous city and that in the absence of either philosophy or religion, the political system proposed by Alfarabi cannot exist. |
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| Title | The Pilgrimage of Philosophy. A Festschrift for Charles E. Butterworth |
| Type | Edited Book |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2019 |
| Publication Place | South Bend, IN |
| Publisher | St. Augustine’s Press |
| Categories | Politics, Theology, al-Fārābī, al-Ġazālī, Relation between Philosophy and Theology |
| Author(s) | René M. Paddags , Waseem El-Rayes , Gregory A. McBrayer |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| This book intends to introduce readers to the work of Charles E. Butterworth, and thereby to introduce students to Medieval islamic political philosophy, of which Butterworth is one of the world's most prominent scholars. In a wider sense, the Festschrift introduces its readers to the current debates on Medieval islamic political philosophy, related as they are to the questions of the relationship between islam and Christianity, the Medieval to the Modern world, and reason and revelation. Butterworth's scholarship spans six decades, primarily translating, editing, and interpreting the works of the Muslim political philosopher Alfarabi (d. 950) and Averroes (Ibn Rushd, d. 1198). He began his studies of Muslim political philosophy at a time when the Middle East and islam did not have the political salience they have acquired in more recent years. instead, Butterworth&;s reason for engaging with islam was rooted in the question of the relationship between reason and revelation. While one possible answer was pursued in the Christian, latin West, the islamic borderlands of Greek, Roman, and Muslim civilization offered another. By exploring Averroes, who provides the possibility of an Aristotelian-Islamic political philosophy, and Alfarabi, who pursues a Platonic-islamic political philosophy, Butterworth showed how islamic civilization provided a viable alternative to the theologico-political question reason v revelation, as well as serving as an inspiration to the latin West. |
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| Title | Three commentaries of Averroes |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 1959 |
| Journal | The Review of Metaphysics |
| Volume | 12 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 440-448 |
| Categories | Commentary, Natural Philosophy, Plato, Politics, al-Ġazālī, Relation between Philosophy and Theology |
| Author(s) | Nicholas Rescher |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Access | https://www.jstor.org/stable/20123714 |
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| Title | Two Andalusian philosophers |
| Type | Monograph |
| Language | English |
| Date | 1999 |
| Publication Place | London [u.a.] |
| Publisher | Kegan Paul |
| Series | The Kegan Paul Arabia library |
| Volume | 6 |
| Categories | Relation between Philosophy and Theology, Law, Politics |
| Author(s) | Averroes , Muḥammad Ibn-ʿAbd-al-Malik Ibn-Ṭufail , |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) | Jim Colville |
| The story of "Hayy Ibn Yaqzan" by Abu Bakr Muhammad Ibn Tufayl and "The definitive statement" by Abu'l Walid Muhammad Ibn Rushd / translated from the Arabic with an introduction and notes by Jim Colville |
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